The removal of decoration pollution has certain technology and complexity. In order to completely eliminate the hazards and protect the health of family members, experts suggest that the combination of activated carbon and plant method can achieve certain effect.
The harm of household pollution -- treatment methods of household pollution
Overview of household pollution
Household pollution refers to a series of maladjustment symptoms caused by indoor pollution sources that can release harmful substances or poor ventilation of indoor environment, resulting in the continuous increase of harmful substances in indoor air no matter in quantity or type.
Harm of household pollution
Statistics show that about 68% of human diseases are related to indoor pollution, and the harm of indoor environmental pollution to human body is multifaceted and diverse.
Chemical pollution
Chemical pollution mainly comes from upholstery, furniture, kitchenware, tableware, toys, cleaners, disinfectants, insecticide sprays, gas water heaters, cosmetics, some mosquito repellent incense, tobacco, kitchen fumes, soot, gas fuel, daily garbage and so on. They will emit volatile organic compounds such as toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, toluene diethylcyanate, vinyl chloride, formaldehyde, and inorganic compounds such as ammonia, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. These are harmful to human health.
Medical research has shown that harmful chemicals can cause upper respiratory tract irritation symptoms, such as dry nose itching, blocked runny nose, sneezing, decreased smell, burning throat or foreign body sensation, and even cough and hoarseness. With the abnormal immunoregulation of local respiratory mucosa and the decline of phagocytosis, clearance of viruses, bacteria and other foreign bodies, it is easy to induce inflammation and infection of the lower respiratory tract, that is, the trachea, bronchus and lung, which affects the whole respiratory system. Especially when two or more chemicals such as aromatic hydrocarbons accumulate, they can cause poisoning symptoms, not only damage the local mucosa, but also may appear abnormal manifestations of the ear, nose, throat, and then affect the whole body.
Physical pollution
The physical pollution mainly comes from the noise, electromagnetic radiation and static electricity produced by household electrical equipment such as television, radio recorder, sound, washing machine, refrigerator, computer, mobile phone, microwave oven, etc. Improper use of these appliances can easily lead to dizziness and tinnitus, hearing fatigue including noise deafness, sensorineural hearing loss, memory loss, inattention, palpitation, fatigue, insomnia and other autonomic nerve dysfunction and anemia.
Biological pollution mainly comes from mites and other bacteria parasitized in carpets, sofas, bedding, clothes, plush toys; pathogenic microorganisms and parasites in domestic flowers, birds, fish and insects and cats and dogs. Mites and fungi from room dust, carpets, feathers of birds and animals, pillows, bedding and other bedclothes are called allergens in medicine, which can cause allergic reactions in human body. The most common are allergic rhinitis and allergic skin diseases.
Radioactive pollution mainly exists in some building materials, such as granite, shale, pumice, marble, cement, red brick, glazed tile, radioactive elements such as radium, thorium, uranium and radon. The radioactive substances in the building and decoration materials, especially various stone materials, can affect the hematopoietic function of human body, induce the distortion of tissues and organs, and lead to leukemia. The continuous stimulation of high concentration chemical harmful substances and long-term exposure to radon radiation are one of the important causes of cancer.
How to avoid household pollution
First of all, the housing should meet the lighting and ventilation rights. The occurrence of indoor pollution, in the final analysis, is to build the house and the people in the house (including Biology) and goods, change the unity with nature, indoor environmental protection is to restore the harmony between indoor environment and nature. Therefore, in the choice of housing, we should first meet two basic environmental rights and interests - lighting rights and ventilation rights.
The right to light depends on the sun for all things to grow. Indoor lighting is essential for home. Daylighting right is to require that the whole room sunshine (including the side) must reach the minimum value of national lighting coefficient. According to the current regulations, each house should have at least one living space to get sunshine. When there is more than 4 hours' living space (i.e. master bedroom), it should have at least 2 hours of sunshine. Among them, the area of the window opening whose height is less than 0.5m from the ground is not included in the lighting area, and the height of the upper edge of the window opening from the ground should not be less than 2m.
According to the survey, poor ventilation accounts for almost half of the major factors affecting indoor air quality, which is the main reason. Therefore, ventilation is the most important method to improve indoor air, and it is also the most effective means to eliminate indoor toxic chemical pollutants. Ventilation includes natural ventilation and artificial ventilation. At present, natural ventilation is still better.
Generally speaking, if you want to ventilate, you must have vent. The ventilation opening area of bedroom, living room (Hall) and open toilet should not be less than 1 / 20 of the floor area of the room; the ventilation opening area of the kitchen should not be less than 1 / 10 of the floor area of the kitchen, and should not be less than 0.6 square meters. According to the indoor air quality standard, the indoor fresh air volume should be kept at 30 cubic meters per hour per person.
Secondly, the living environment should be kept green. That is, houses, decoration, furniture, electrical appliances and all kinds of articles, their selection, use, maintenance and maintenance should meet the requirements of environmental protection, especially in the purchase, we must strictly follow the environmental quality standards, carefully select, as far as possible to achieve non-toxic, harmless, minimize indoor pollution and damage to human body. In the selection of building materials, it is recommended to use natural wood in line with environmental protection standards, and various stone materials should be used as little as possible.
Thirdly, we should pay attention to the room hygiene
1. To develop good health habits, keep indoor air fresh and sufficient sunshine at any time.
2. Bedding and clothes should be washed and dried frequently.
3. Rational use of detergents, disinfectants and cosmetics, shampoo, less use of pesticides, disinfectants.
4. Family pets should be quarantined and washed regularly.
At the same time, it is necessary to enhance the awareness of indoor environmental protection, enhance the awareness of indoor pollution, and strengthen the daily monitoring. In case of discomfort or abnormal feeling, technical detection should be carried out as soon as possible and medical treatment should be timely conducted.
How to distinguish household pollution
How do we know that the room has been polluted? If there are several or even one of the following situations, the indoor environment should be tested quickly and corresponding measures should be taken to correct them. Otherwise, more serious health damage will be caused.
1. When getting up in the morning, nausea and suffocation, dizziness, long-term spirit, loss of appetite.
2. Family members often catch cold.
3. Do not smoke, but often feel throat discomfort, breathing is not smooth.
4. The children in the family often cough and have low immunity.
5. Family members have group skin allergy.
6. Family members share a common disease, and symptoms improved significantly after leaving home.
7. Newlyweds are infertile for a long time, but the reason is not found.
8. The pregnant woman is pregnant normally, but the baby is abnormal.
9. Plants are not easy to survive in newly built or newly decorated houses.
10. The domestic pet died inexplicably.
11. There is a pungent smell in the newly decorated room, and it does not disperse for a long time.
Treatment methods of household pollution
air cleaner
84bw-a008 ionic air purifier is the exclusive first batch of anion + ozone + activated carbon + HEPA multilayer filtration. Effectively solve all kinds of indoor pollution.
traditional method
Use tea, pineapple, etc. to resist odor.
Analysis: it is basically a covering function or a psychological function, but it can not fundamentally eliminate pollution. Cost: low. Effect: no effect, just cheat nose.
Simple method
Long time ventilation (more than 6 months).
Analysis: it is suitable for decorated rooms with light odor, good ventilation conditions and long-term ventilation. It is difficult to achieve the effect of removing odor in the rooms with heavy pollution and poor ventilation conditions. Cost: almost zero. Effect: the treatment effect of decoration pollution is 10% ~ 30%.
Plant method
Put green plants in the room (such as Chlorophytum, aloe, etc.), some plants have the function of absorbing harmful gases.
Analysis: there is a certain absorption effect, and the effect of beautifying the room, but the effect time is longer.
Cost: low effect: 10% ～ 30%.
chemical method
According to the principle of chemical decomposition reaction, photocatalyst is a kind of nano scale metal oxide material (titanium dioxide is commonly used). It is coated on the surface of the substrate and forms a thin film after drying. Under the action of light, it produces strong catalytic degradation function: it can effectively degrade toxic and harmful gases in the air; it can effectively kill a variety of bacteria, and the antibacterial rate is as high as 90% At the same time, it also has the functions of deodorization and anti pollution.
Photocatalyst is a combination of light and catalyst. Photocatalyst is a kind of photocatalyst material with photocatalytic function represented by nano titanium dioxide. It is the most ideal material to control indoor environmental pollution in the world.
Under the light irradiation, photocatalyst will produce the photocatalysis reaction similar to photosynthesis and produce free hydroxyl and active oxygen with strong oxidation ability. It can oxidize and decompose various organic compounds and some inorganic substances, destroy the cell membrane of bacteria and solidify the protein of virus, kill bacteria and decompose organic pollutants, thus causing organic pollution It can be decomposed into non polluting water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2), so it has strong functions of sterilization, deodorization, mildew prevention, antifouling and self-cleaning, and air purification.
Cost: relatively high effect: more than 85%.
Physical methods
The principle of activated carbon adsorption purification (such as air purification system) is used to adsorb macromolecular gas suspended particles in the air, and the purpose of filtering and purifying air is achieved through forced air circulation.
Analysis: long acting time and energy loss.
Cost: medium effect: about 95%.
The so-called formal technology should not produce secondary pollution, and high purification efficiency technology. At present, the complex treatment methods in the market can be divided into two categories in principle: physical adsorption and chemical removal. Activated carbon adsorption belongs to the former. Ozone generator, photocatalyst, formaldehyde spray and plant extract are the latter. Activated carbon adsorption technology has been used for a long time since the principle of carbon adsorption on odor and harmful gas. It is stable, non-toxic and has no side effects, and the cost is reasonable. The adsorption effect of benzene and other volatile organic compounds is very good, and there is no secondary pollution.
The removal of decoration pollution has certain technology and complexity. In order to completely eliminate the hazards and protect the health of family members, experts suggest that the combination of activated carbon and plant method can achieve certain effect.
The most effective and simple method
That is to say, the rising fresh air system in China. The principle is to continuously discharge the indoor polluted air out of the room, and transport the outdoor fresh air to the room after passing through the filter device, so that the indoor air can be kept fresh for 24 hours without opening windows, so that the polluted gas can not pollute the indoor air. As we all know, indoor harmful gases, such as formaldehyde volatilization period can be as long as 15 years, one-time solution is not desirable, fresh air system is designed to solve the indoor air quality, can ensure indoor air quality for a long time.
After one-time installation, the system only needs to adjust the fresh air volume, which is convenient to use. It is an important part of the smart home system mainly promoted by domestic buildings. It is the only facility recognized as the most effective solution to the indoor pollution problem. The fresh air system system has been popularized in European and American countries, and it is compulsory to install in many countries.
Analysis: some experiments show that the indoor air quality can be effectively improved by using fresh air system for 15-20 minutes, and the energy consumption of household can be ignored.
Cost: once input, the effect is unnecessary to say.
