When it comes to fertilizing, I don't think it's necessary to say that many people feel that they have cultivated to 99 + level. It's just fertilizing. They can't throw it into the soil. It is true that fertilization is a seemingly simple and inconspicuous small action for the cultivation of flowers and plants, but it is also often a small and simple action that determines the growth and growth of flowers and plants. In a word, to cultivate flowers and plants, it is nothing more than paying attention to several key items: temperature control, watering methods, fertilization methods, root pruning and root pruning, pot soil replacement, winter management, winter management, and so on Light management, pest control and plant pruning, and fertilization is the most important part of daily maintenance.
Organic fertilizer:
Organic fertilizer is a kind of fertilizer formed by processing and decomposing seeds, organs, residues or excreta of various plants and animals, such as human manure, livestock manure, cake, dregs, weeds, green manure, etc. Organic fertilizer is a kind of slow acting fertilizer with complete nutrients and long efficiency. It must be fermented and decomposed before use.
Inorganic fertilizer:
Inorganic fertilizer is chemical synthesis or natural ore processing fertilizer, such as urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc. The effect of inorganic fertilizer is fast, but the nutrient is simple and the fertilizer effect is not long. The fertilizer content is single, but if it is used alone for a long time, it will harden the basin soil, so it is better to use it together with organic fertilizer.
1. Rational fertilization
The principle of fertilization is timely and appropriate
Timely application means that the flowers need to be applied again. If the color of the flower leaves turns pale or the growth of the plant is weak, fertilization is timely.
No matter when we should do the right amount of fertilizer, excessive fertilization will affect the growth and development of flowers.
If the nitrogen fertilizer is too much, the plant is easy to grow, the stems and leaves are weak, which will affect the flowering and fruiting, and it is easy to be damaged by diseases and insect pests; if the phosphorus fertilizer is too much, it will hinder the flower growth and affect the flowering and fruiting; if the potassium fertilizer is too much, the plant will be low, the leaves will wrinkle brown and even wither.
The fertilization was changed according to the growth period of flower seedlings
In the seedling stage, more nitrogen and potassium fertilizer should be applied to make the stem and branch strong and the root system developed. Before and after flowering and budding, more phosphate fertilizer should be applied to promote the large and beautiful flowers and plump buds. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate after color permeating and flower withering can prevent flower and bud falling. Fertilizer and water should be controlled at flowering and early fruit setting stage, otherwise it is easy to drop flowers and fruits.
According to the seasonal change, the fertilization concentration was changed
Winter temperature is low, plant growth is slow, most flowers are in dormant or semi dormant state, generally do not fertilize. Spring and autumn is the peak season of growth, so more topdressing should be applied. In summer, the temperature is high, the water evaporates quickly, and the flowers grow vigorously. The application of organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed. The concentration of chemical fertilizer should not be too high to prevent the flowers from burning.
Fertilization time varies with seasons
Generally, fertilization should be conducted in the evening in summer and around noon in winter. Generally, fertilization can be applied in sunny days before dry or rainy weather, but not after rain and continuous rainy days; when the climate is warm and hot and suitable for growth, it is not applied when the climate is hot or cold and semi dormant or dormant; when the basin soil is dry, it is not applied when it is wet; when the old basin soil is applied more, the new basin soil is less applied; the base fertilizer is enough, but not the base fertilizer or insufficient.
Fertilization according to the characteristics of flowers and plants:
Foliage oriented flowers, such as pine, bamboo, Chlorophytum, etc., mainly use nitrogen fertilizer, which can promote the growth of branches and leaves, and the color is dark green.
For the flowers that mainly enjoy flowers and fruits, more fertilizer is needed. When the branches and leaves grow, nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied once or twice; during the flower bud differentiation, flower bud formation and growth stage before flowering, phosphate fertilizer should be applied to make the flowers and fruits flourish. Generally, no fertilizer is applied to the newly transplanted flowers with disease;
It is better not to fertilize the flowers in the flowering period, so as to avoid the withering of flower buds and flowers.
2. Fertilization methods
There are two methods to apply base fertilizer
1. It can not only improve the physical properties of the soil, but also provide the nutritional needs of the whole growth period of flowers.
2. A small amount of fertilizer should be put into the bottom of the pot when the flower is put on, changed or turned over. Generally, it should not exceed 1 / 10 of the pot soil, and the top should be covered with a layer of soil before planting flowers.
Topdressing:
There are two methods for topdressing:
1. Soil application, that is, fertilizer is directly applied to the soil. For topdressing, liquid fertilizer should be diluted and sprayed into the basin soil; for topdressing solid fertilizer, it can be evenly sprinkled on the surface of basin soil, and then covered with a layer of soil. Pay attention to watering after fertilization to facilitate absorption.
2. Foliar spraying, also known as root dressing, has the advantages of fertilizer saving and quick effect. It is usually used in the vigorous growth period of flowers or in the absence of certain elements. Generally, inorganic fertilizer is mixed into 0.1% ~ 0.5% concentration and sprayed in the morning or evening when there is no wind to make the leaf surface moist. The most commonly used are urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate, ferrous sulfate, etc.
